D ESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS AND TECHNOLOGY BLGV companies apply three types of gypsum for their products: natural gypsum (as mined), phosphogypsum (a by-product from the production of fertilizers) and flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGD). Depending on the application, the gypsum is subjected to several pre-treatment processes, of which the calcination process is the most important step. In this process the water is removed from the gypsum (dehydrated). Not all manufacturing facilities can calcinate the gypsum themselves. Some already purchase their gypsum in a calcinated state. Following the calcination of the gypsum and depending on the specific product (and manufacturer) different (mineral) additives are added to form a mixture. In the gypsum board production, water is added to the specific mixture in order to create a gypsum mortar. Using a conveyor belt, the gypsum mortar is spread on, and covered by, a layer of paper/cardboard, through a continuous process. Once the gypsum core has sufficiently set, the boards are cut to standardized dimensions and are ready for packaging and further distribution Process Phase Module Gypsum Paper (for boards) Mineral additives Additives Electricity and energy Water (raw) materials Secondary gypsum (raw) energy resources (raw) materials (raw) energy resources Transportation of raw materials and additives emissions Raw material supply A1 emissions (internal) transportation A2 Calcination of Gypsum emissions board/block/plaster Production waste for processing Manufacturing A3 packaging materials Packaging Gypsum boards, -blocks and/or -plaster Transportation of gypsum board to construction site Construction of building Transportation Construction stage Cradle-to-Gate A4 A5 Use stage Demolition / Disassembly of building End-of-Life treatment and disposal Nett effects of recycling, recovery and/or re-use Use Stage Demolition Transportation Secondary gypsum Beyond system boundary B C1 C2-4 D 3
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